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\u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627 \u06c1\u0648\u06d4 (\u06a9\u0627\u06a9\u0648\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0688\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c 2001)\u06d4 \u0686\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u0648 \u062c\u0646 \u0634\u06c1\u0631\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0688\u06cc\u0648\u06ba \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0644\u06d2 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u062a\u06be\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062e\u06cc\u0648\u06c1\u060c \u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0646\u062f\u060c&nbsp;\u062e\u0648\u0642\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0641\u06cc\u0636 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644&nbsp;\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u06be\u06d2 (\u0645\u0646\u0634\u06cc 1869\u060c \u0641\u06cc\u0636\u060c 1883)\u06d4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"636\" src=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-03-25-at-4.41.35-PM-1-1024x636.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1174\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-03-25-at-4.41.35-PM-1-1024x636.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-03-25-at-4.41.35-PM-1-300x186.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-03-25-at-4.41.35-PM-1-768x477.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-03-25-at-4.41.35-PM-1.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">(<strong>\u062a\u0631\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0688\u06cc<\/strong>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:25px\">\u0686\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0634\u06c1\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0626\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0650 \u0686\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644&nbsp;&#8220;\u0634\u0627\u06c1 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06c1 \u0633\u0626\u06cc\u0631&#8221; \u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u06c1 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b 1810 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0644\u06a9\u06be\u06cc&nbsp;\u06af\u0626\u06cc \u062a\u06be\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0686\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u067e\u0631 \u0627\u0624\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06c1\u06d2\u060c \u0633\u06d2 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u06c1\u06d2 \u06a9\u06c1 \u0627\u0679\u06be\u0627\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06ba \u0635\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u06d2 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 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\u0646\u06d2 \u0628\u06cc\u0648\u06c1 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u06cc\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u0648 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u06a9\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0686\u0646\u06d2 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062c \u06a9\u0648 \u062c\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc (\u06a9\u0627\u06a9\u0648\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0688\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c 2001)\u06d4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:25px\">\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u06c1 \u0645\u06c1\u062a\u0631 \u062c\u0628 \u0686\u0627\u06c1\u06d2 \u0628\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u06c1 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u06a9\u06cc\u06d2&nbsp;\u06a9\u0633\u06cc&nbsp;\u06a9\u0648 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06d2 \u067e\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u06be\u0627\u06d4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"785\" src=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-03-25-at-4.41.10-PM-1024x785.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1172\" style=\"width:577px;height:442px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-03-25-at-4.41.10-PM-1024x785.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-03-25-at-4.41.10-PM-300x230.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-03-25-at-4.41.10-PM-768x589.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-03-25-at-4.41.10-PM.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>\u0645\u06c1\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u06a9 1821-1892<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:25px\">\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u06cc\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0633\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0646\u06d2 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u06ba \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0691\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0642\u0628\u06cc\u0644\u06d2 \u06a9\u06cc&nbsp;\u06c1\u0648\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u06be\u06cc\u06d4 \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0641\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u06c1 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u06d2 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646&nbsp; \u06a9\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06c1\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u062a\u06be\u0627\u06d4 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\u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u06be \u06a9\u0631 \u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0648&nbsp;\u0645\u06a9\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632 &nbsp;\u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0633\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u06d4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-luminous-vivid-orange-color has-text-color has-link-color has-medium-font-size wp-elements-5 wp-block-paragraph\">Also Read: <a href=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/?p=2502\">Trade Links in the Eastern Hindu Kush: The Chitrali Route<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:25px\">\u06a9\u06c1\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2 \u06a9\u06c1 \u062c\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u0648 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u062a\u06be\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba &nbsp;\u0642\u0644\u0639\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062c\u0645\u0639 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\u0646\u06d2 \u06c1\u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u06c1 \u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627&nbsp; \u067e\u0691\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u06d2 \u0648\u0627\u067e\u0633 \u0686\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0631\u06c1\u0627 \u062a\u06be\u0627 \u062c\u0628 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba &#8220;\u06af\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062e&#8221; \u06a9\u06d2 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u067e\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u06cc \u062c\u0633\u06d2 \u0628\u062f\u062e\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0645\u06c1\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u06d2 \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0631 \u0627\u067e\u0646\u06d2 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u06be \u0644\u06d2 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u06c1\u06d2 \u062a\u06be\u06d2\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u06d2 \u0627\u0633 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06a9\u06cc&nbsp; \u0645\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062a \u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u06c1 \u0648\u06c1 \u0627\u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u067e\u0633 \u0686\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u06d2 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0646\u06c1\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u067e\u0646\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646&nbsp; \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06d2 \u06a9\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u06c1 \u06a9\u06cc\u0627\u06d4 \u0627\u0633 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0646\u06d2 240 \u0631\u0648\u067e\u06d2 \u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u06a9\u0648 \u062f\u06d2 \u06a9\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06a9\u0648 \u0686\u06be\u0691\u0627 \u06a9\u0631 \u0627\u067e\u0646\u06d2 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u06be &nbsp;\u0686\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u06d2 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u06d2 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u0646&nbsp;\u06a9\u06d2 \u06af\u06be\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u06ba \u0633\u06d2 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646&nbsp;\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc \u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0628 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u067e\u0627\u0633 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-luminous-vivid-orange-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:20px\">\u06cc\u06c1 \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u067e\u0691\u06be\u06cc\u06d2: <a href=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/?p=1576\">\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d2 \u2018\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u2019 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0686\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0628\u06c1\u0631\u06cc\u06c1 \u06a9\u0648\u0646\u061f<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"646\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-03-25-at-4.49.58-PM-646x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1175\" style=\"width:171px;height:271px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-03-25-at-4.49.58-PM-646x1024.jpeg 646w, https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-03-25-at-4.49.58-PM-189x300.jpeg 189w, https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2023-03-25-at-4.49.58-PM.jpeg 654w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 646px) 100vw, 646px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/?page_id=1092\">(Gazetteer of the Eastern Hindukush, by Capt E. G. Barrow, 1888<\/a><\/strong>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:25px\">\u0641\u06cc\u0636 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0646\u06d2\u060c \u062c\u0633 \u06a9\u0627 \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u067e\u06c1\u0644\u06d2 \u06c1\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u060c \u0627\u067e\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u067e\u0648\u0631\u0679 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba&nbsp;\u0645\u06c1\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u06d2 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u06a9\u06cc \u06af\u0626\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06a9\u06cc \u06c1\u06d2 \u062c\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u06c1 \u0630\u06cc\u0644 \u06c1\u06d2\u061b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:25px\">&#8221; \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u063a\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0639\u0648\u0631\u062a \u06c1\u0648\u06ba\u06d4&nbsp; \u067e\u0686\u06be\u0644\u06d2 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u067e \u06a9\u06d2 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\u0628\u0631\u0639\u06a9\u0633 \u0686\u06be\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0698\u0648\u06ba&nbsp;&nbsp;\u06a9\u06d2 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06d2 \u0633\u06d2 &nbsp;\u0628\u06c1\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06c1&nbsp;\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06c1\u0648\u0626\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0631 1950 \u0627\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u06be\u0631 1970 \u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u06c1\u0627\u0626\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06be\u06cc \u0686\u0644\u06cc\u06ba&nbsp;\u062c\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0633\u06d2 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u06a9\u06cc \u0642\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0686\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u06af \u0646\u06d2 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u06be\u06cc ( \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0636\u06cc\u0670\u060c 1957)\u06d4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:25px\">\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u0648 \u062c\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064b \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u06a9\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0648\u06ba \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0628\u06cc\u0686\u0646\u06d2 \u06a9\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0628\u06c1 \u0686\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u06a9\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u06c1 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u06be\u0627\u06d4 \u0627\u0646 \u062c\u06cc\u0633\u06d2 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u06c1 \u0633\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc \u0686\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0644\u0648\u06af&nbsp;\u0645\u06c1\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0648 \u062c\u0628\u0631&nbsp; \u06a9\u06d2 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062a\u06d2 \u06c1\u06cc\u06ba\u06d4&nbsp;\u06cc\u06c1 \u0634\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0646\u06c1\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0648\u06ba \u06a9\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u06c1 \u06c1\u06d2 \u06a9\u06c1 &nbsp;\u0686\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u0638\u0644\u0645 \u06a9\u0648 \u0638\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0631&nbsp;\u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u0638\u0644\u0645 \u06a9\u0648 &#8220;\u0645\u06c1\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0638\u0644\u0645&#8221; \u06a9\u06c1\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u06c1\u06d2\u06d4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color has-background is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06c1 \u062c\u0627\u062a<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol style=\"list-style-type:1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/?page_id=1035\">Report on Chitral by Faiz Bakhsh, 1883<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/?page_id=1027\">Chitral, A Study in Statecraft by IUCN, 2004<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/?page_id=1044\">The Making of the Frontier by Colonel Algernon Durand, 1900<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/?page_id=1077\"><strong>Gates of Peristan: History, Religion &amp; Society in the Hindukush, <\/strong>by&nbsp;<strong>Alberto M. Cacopardo &amp; Augusto S. Cacopardo, 2001<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/?page_id=1083\">Tribes of the Hindoo Koosh by J. Bidulph, 1880<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/?page_id=1092\">Gazetteer of the Eastern Hindukush, by Capt E. G. Barrow, 1888<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/?page_id=1187\">On Gilgit and Chitral. By Munphool Meer Moonshee, C.S.I., of the Punjab Secretariate, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society of London, Vol. 13, No. 2 (1868 &#8211; 1869)<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/?page_id=1118\">A Havildar\u2019s Journey through Chitral to Faizabad, by Montgomerie, 1872<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0650 \u0686\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0634\u06c1\u0632\u0627\u062f\u06c1 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u060c (\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u06c1)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0650 \u0686\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644 (\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc)\u060c \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0636\u06cc\u0670\u060c 1957<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/The-Forgotten-Shackles-A-Study-of-Slavery-and-Slave-Trade-in-Chitral-State-by-FakhreAlam-JPUHS-2026.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of The Forgotten Shackles A Study of Slavery and Slave Trade in Chitral State by FakhreAlam, JPUHS, 2026.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-eedfc12c-d4ea-4895-9505-248663ace142\" href=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/The-Forgotten-Shackles-A-Study-of-Slavery-and-Slave-Trade-in-Chitral-State-by-FakhreAlam-JPUHS-2026.pdf\">The Forgotten Shackles A Study of Slavery and Slave Trade in Chitral State by FakhreAlam, JPUHS, 2026<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/khowari.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/The-Forgotten-Shackles-A-Study-of-Slavery-and-Slave-Trade-in-Chitral-State-by-FakhreAlam-JPUHS-2026.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-eedfc12c-d4ea-4895-9505-248663ace142\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-luminous-vivid-orange-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color has-background is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph\">Published on 25 March 2023<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right; font-family: Jameel Noori Nastaleeq, Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq, Alvi Nastaleeq, Nafees Web Naskh, Urdu Naskh Asiatype, Arial, Tahoma; font-size: 19px; line-height: 31px; direction: rtl;\">\u062a\u062d\u0631\u06cc\u0631: \u0641\u062e\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06ba \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u06d2 \u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0648\u06ba \u0645\u06cc\u06ba \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u06c1 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0634\u06a9\u0644&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1177,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,25,429,6,131],"tags":[211,146,145,144,148,149],"class_list":["post-1159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chitral","category-culture-society","category-editors-pick","category-history","category-trending-stories","tag-published-on-25-march-2023","tag-serfdom-in-chitral","tag-slave-trade-in-chitral-state","tag-slavery-in-chitral","tag-148","tag-149"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.4 - 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